機械球磨和熱擠壓制備超細晶5083鋁合金的顯微組織與力學性能

機械球磨和熱擠壓制備超細晶5083鋁合金的顯微組織與力學性能Microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-fine grained 5083 Al alloy prepared by mechanical milling and hot extrusion

采用室溫機械球磨、熱等靜壓和熱擠壓工藝制備超細晶5083鋁合金，利用X射線衍射(XRD)、透射電鏡(TEM)對材料的顯微組織進行分析和觀察，并對所制備材料的化學成分、密度、硬度和拉伸性能進行測定，在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上，半定量估算各種強化機制對材料強度的貢獻。結(jié)果表明：制備的超細晶5083鋁合金的平均晶粒尺寸為322 nm，相對密度為99.72%，屈服強度和抗拉強度分別為560 MPa和566 MPa，斷后伸長率為6.3%；斷裂方式為微孔聚集型斷裂；強化機制包括細晶強化、彌散強化、固溶強化、位錯強化，其中以細晶強化和彌散強化的貢獻最大。

The microstructure and mechanical behavior of ultra-fine grained (UFG) 5083 aluminum alloy fabricated by mechanical milling and hot isostatic pressed (HIP) followed by hot extrusion. The chemical composition, density, hardness and tensile property of the UFG 5083Al alloy were also characterized. The results show that the samples show an average grain size of 322 nm. The yield stress, ultimate tensile stress and tensile strain-to-failure are 560 MPa, 566MPa and 6.3%, respectively. The fractographic observations of the as-extruded 5083 alloy demonstrate a feature of microvoid accumulation fracture. Semi-quantitative analysis suggest that the strengthening mechanisms including grain boundaries strengthening, dispersion strengthening, solid-solution strengthening and dislocation strengthening are the dominant strengthening mechanisms. A calculation shows that the grain boundaries strengthening and dispersion strengthening are the dominant strengthening mechanisms.

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