基于焊縫熔深優(yōu)化的7075鋁合金等離子-MIG復合焊接熱裂紋敏感性

基于焊縫熔深優(yōu)化的7075鋁合金等離子-MIG復合焊接熱裂紋敏感性HOT CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY of PLASMA-MIG HYBRID WELDING of 7075 ALUMINUM ALLOY BASED on WELD FORMATION

通過回歸正交試驗，建立了7075鋁合金等離子-MIG復合焊接參數與焊縫熔深之間的定量關系；利用Gleeble-1500熱模擬試驗機對7075鋁合金進行熱塑性試驗，確定了合金的脆性溫度區(qū)間；采用魚骨法對7075鋁合金進行焊接熱裂紋敏感性試驗，并用SEM、EDS等手段分析了熱裂紋的類型及產生原因。試驗結果表明，7075鋁合金脆性溫度區(qū)間為470℃~620℃；等離子-MIG復合焊接熱輸入分別為2.52kJ/cm、2.95kJ/cm和3.42kJ/cm時，隨著熱輸入的增加，焊接熱裂紋敏感性呈先降后升的變化規(guī)律，裂紋類型由母材部分熔化區(qū)的液化裂紋向焊縫區(qū)的結晶裂紋轉變，其中當熱輸入量為2.95kJ/cm時，焊接熱裂紋敏感性最小，呈焊接結晶裂紋方式。

The quantitative relationship between plasma-MIG hybrid welding parameters of 7075 aluminum alloy and weld penetration was established by linear regression orthogonal test. Hot ductility tests of 7075 aluminum alloy were studied by using a Gleeble-1500 thermal simulated test machine to determine the brittleness temperature range. Welding hot cracking susceptibility tests of 7075 aluminum alloy were conducted by using the fish bone method, and the type and cause of the hot cracking were analyzed by using SEM, EDS and OM. The results indicated that the brittleness temperature range of 7075 aluminum alloy was from 470℃ to 620℃. When the heat input of plasma-MIG hybrid welding was 2.52 kJ/cm, 2.95 kJ/cm and 3.42 kJ/cm respectively, the welding hot cracking susceptibility decreased and then increased with the heat input increasing. The type of cracking in partially melted zone of base metal was liquation cracking, and that of weld zone was solidification cracking. When the heat input was 2.95 kJ/cm, the welding hot cracking sensitivity was the least, and the welding cracking was solidification cracking.

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