電磁場對Ni60合金凝固過程中組織和裂紋的影響

電磁場對Ni60合金凝固過程中組織和裂紋的影響Effect of Electric-magnetic Field on the Microstructure and Crack in Solidified Ni60 Alloy

利用電磁復(fù)合場協(xié)同激光熔覆制備多道Ni60合金熔覆層，運用著色探傷劑，OM，SEM，EDS，XRD與硬度計等實驗手段，對制備的Ni60合金熔覆層進行測試分析。結(jié)果表明，電磁復(fù)合場施加之前，制備的Ni60合金熔覆層表面出現(xiàn)明顯開裂，內(nèi)部存在大氣孔，表面成型質(zhì)量差；電磁復(fù)合場施加之后，Ni60合金熔覆層表面裂紋得到了抑制，內(nèi)部氣孔得到了消除，且熔覆層表面成型質(zhì)量也得到了改善。同時，施加電磁復(fù)合場后，制備的Ni60合金熔覆層的脆性相(CrB、(Cr, Fe)23C6 )顆粒尺寸從4~6 μm降低至2~4 μm，且顆粒偏聚得到降低，并有效地消除了內(nèi)部裂紋。XRD、組織結(jié)構(gòu)與顯微硬度測試分析表明，電磁復(fù)合場施加之后，熔覆層內(nèi)部的脆性相含量、顆粒偏聚、晶格畸變和硬度都得以減少，降低了裂紋萌生的機率，從而有效地抑制了內(nèi)部裂紋的形成。

Ni60 alloy has been widely used in many application fields due to its excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance. However, uneven microstructure was easily formed due to the effect of heat shock and heat accumulation during laser multi-track overlap process. Moreover, Ni60 alloy powder was composed of a variety of elements. The composition segregation and high content CrB, (Cr, Fe)23C6 were easily present in the coating during the laser cladding process, which can easily lead to the cracking of Ni60 alloy coating. In this paper, multi-layer Ni60 alloy coating was prepared by electromagnetic compound field assisted laser cladding. Synthesis of Ni60 alloy coating was analyzed by coloring agent, OM, SEM, EDS, XRD and microhardness tester. The results showed that cracks and large pores were to appear at the coating when the electromagnetic compound field was not applied, and the molding quality was also poor. When the electromagnetic compound field was applied, the cracks and pores of Ni60 alloy coating were suppressed, and the molding quality of the coating was also improved. Meanwhile, the particle size of the brittle phase (CrB, (Cr, Fe)23C6) was decreased from 4~6 μm to 2~4 μm by the aid of the electromagnetic compound field, and the degree of particle cluster was also reduced, which was beneficial to the elimination of the internal crack. XRD, microstructure and microhardness analysis results showed that the brittle phase content, particle segregation, lattice distortion and hardness were reduced under the condition of electromagnetic compound field, leading to the decrease of crack initiation probability, so the crack of Ni60 alloy coating was remarkably reduced.

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