高能瞬時電脈沖處理對42CrMo鋼組織與性能的影響

高能瞬時電脈沖處理對42CrMo鋼組織與性能的影響Effect of High-Energy and Instantaneous Electropulsing Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of 42CrMo Steel

采用XRD、SEM及TEM等手段，研究了42CrMo鋼經(jīng)高能瞬時電脈沖及傳統(tǒng)處理后組織與性能的變化。結果表明，480 ms EPQ (電脈沖處理后水冷)處理可細化42CrMo鋼的晶粒和組織，促進殘余奧氏體及孿晶馬氏體的形成，處理后的綜合力學性能比TQ (傳統(tǒng)淬火)態(tài)42CrMo鋼提高32%；隨后的180 ms EPT (電脈沖處理后空冷)處理可提高EPQ態(tài)42CrMo鋼中殘余奧氏體的穩(wěn)定性，促進復相組織的形成，處理后的綜合力學性能比其經(jīng)TT (傳統(tǒng)回火)處理后提高13.9%。

42CrMo steel was widely used in many industry fields for its excellent harden ability and high temperature strength. Many transmission mechanisms and fasteners, such as roller and heat-resistant gear, are made of this steel. However, the ductility of 42CrMo steel is relatively low after quenching and tempering. During high tempering Mo riched carbides at grain boundary and undecomposable martensite at low tempering are the main reasons of poor ductility of 42CrMo steel. Grain refinement can enhance both strength and ductility significantly, but traditional refinement technology will cause intergranular oxidation so that strengthening effect was weak. Although thermomechanical treatment can achieve dynamic recrystallization, its refinement effect is unstable. Elecropulsing treatment, which makes significant change in microstructure and properties of metals, has been applied in many fields such as, modification of solidified microstructure of liquid metal, healing of fatigue crack, nanocrystallization of amorphous materials and so on. Moreover, this process can produce superior mechanical properties in metals. In order to improve the mechanical properties of 42CrMo steel better, high-energy and instantaneous electropulsing treatment was applied. In this contribution, 42CrMo steel was subjected to traditional and electropulsing treatment individually. It was found that EPQ treatment (480 ms electropulsing treatment, water cooled) results in finer grain, promoting the formation of retained austenite and twin martensite; EPT treatment (180 ms electropulsing treatment, air cooled) can stabilize retained austenite in EPQ specimen and induce multiphase structure. Mechanical properties results indicate that strength-ductility balance of EPQ and EPQ+EPT specimen are 32% and 13.9% higher than the corresponding TQ (traditional quenched) and EPQ+TT (traditional tempered) specimen respectively.

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