Ni3Al含量對(duì)WC基鋼結(jié)硬質(zhì)合金組織與性能的影響

Ni3Al含量對(duì)WC基鋼結(jié)硬質(zhì)合金組織與性能的影響Effects of Ni3Al content on microstructure and properties of WC based steel bonded carbide

為了改善WC基鋼結(jié)硬質(zhì)合金性能，以熱力學(xué)計(jì)算為基礎(chǔ)，探索Ni3Al添加量對(duì)WC-Fe(Cr, Mo)鋼結(jié)硬質(zhì)合金組織與性能的影響。采用粉末冶金方法，以添加Ni3Al預(yù)合金粉的方式添加Al，通過(guò)液相燒結(jié)制得不同Ni3Al含量(0，0.5%，1.0%，1.4%，質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))的WC-50%(Fe-Ni-Al-Cr-Mo)合金樣品。采用差示掃描量熱分析(DSC)、X射線衍射儀(XRD)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)和金相顯微鏡分別對(duì)合金的液相溫度點(diǎn)、相組成和顯微組織進(jìn)行了檢測(cè)分析，并討論了合金物理力學(xué)性能和磁性能的變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：粘結(jié)相主要由γ-α+β′三相構(gòu)成，且隨著Ni3Al含量的增加，Ni元素可以穩(wěn)定奧氏體，粘結(jié)相中γ-Fe含量增加，1250 ℃時(shí)，F(xiàn)e-Ni-Al粘結(jié)相從液相中析出γ-Fe相的形核驅(qū)動(dòng)力增大，使得粘結(jié)相的晶粒細(xì)化，粘結(jié)相中析出的NiAl相增多；合金硬質(zhì)相主要為WC和Fe3W3C，WC沿晶界偏聚；γ-Fe含量增多，固溶了更多C元素，使Fe3W3C的含量隨Ni3Al含量增加而減少；WC晶粒細(xì)化，分布更為彌散。在上述因素共同影響下，合金密度略有降低，粘結(jié)相的磁飽和強(qiáng)度下降，矯頑磁力上升；硬度上升，抗彎強(qiáng)度先下降后上升，并在添加Ni3Al含量為1.4%時(shí)，硬度和抗彎強(qiáng)度達(dá)到最大值。

In order to improve the performance of WC based steel bonded carbide, the effects of Ni3Al content on microstructure and properties of WC-Fe(Cr, Mo) steel bonded carbide were explored based on thermodynamic calculation. The alloys with different Ni3Al contents (0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.4%, mass fraction) were prepared by liquid phase sintering method through adding Al with the form of Ni3Al prealloyed powders. The liquidus temperature, phase composition and microstructure of alloys were analyzed by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and metalloscope, respectively. The effects of Ni3Al content on the mechanical and magnetic properties of alloys were investigated. The results show that, with the increase of Ni3Al content, γ-Fe content increase, due to the improved stabilities of austenite through the solution of Ni element. The driving force for the nucleation of the γ-binder precipitating from liquid phase at 1250 ℃ increases, which refines the grains, NiAl precipitation in the binder phase increases. The hard phases are mainly WC and Fe3W3C, with the increase of Ni3Al content, more C element dissolves in γ-Fe binder phase, which leads to a less precipitation of Fe3W3C, refined WC grains are distributed more dispersedly. Above all, with the increase of Ni3Al content, the density of alloys decreases slightly. The magnetic saturation of binder phase decreases while coercive force increases. The hardness of alloys raises while the transverse rupture strength of alloys first decreases, then increases. Both the hardness and transverse rupture strength reach maximum value when the Ni3Al content is 1.4%.

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