預(yù)氧化處理對G115鋼高溫蒸汽氧化行為的影響

預(yù)氧化處理對G115鋼高溫蒸汽氧化行為的影響Effect of Pre-oxidation Treatment on the Behavior of High Temperature Oxidation in Steam of G115 Steel

以Ar氣為保護(hù)環(huán)境，對G115馬氏體耐熱鋼進(jìn)行了預(yù)氧化處理。通過循環(huán)蒸氣氧化實驗，研究了未預(yù)氧化處理和預(yù)氧化處理2種試樣在650°C水蒸氣中的高溫氧化行為。采用分析天平測量氧化增重數(shù)據(jù)，得到了氧化增重動力學(xué)曲線。通過掃描電鏡（SEM）及附帶的能譜分析儀（EDS）分析了氧化皮的形貌和結(jié)構(gòu)，采用X射線衍射儀（XRD）結(jié)合EDS對氧化產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了相鑒定。實驗結(jié)果表明，預(yù)氧化處理明顯降低G115鋼1800h以內(nèi)的氧化增重。預(yù)氧化處理后，G115鋼的蒸氣氧化動力學(xué)由立方型轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹本€型，氧化皮結(jié)構(gòu)由典型的雙層結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎鄬咏Y(jié)構(gòu)。預(yù)氧化處理試樣的氧化皮最外層為由Fe向外擴(kuò)散形成的富Fe層，中層為含Cr量達(dá)46%（質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)）的富Cr層，最內(nèi)層是由金屬基體轉(zhuǎn)變而成的。其中氧化皮中層由于Cr含量高而具有良好的保護(hù)性，是整體氧化過程的控制步驟。另外該層厚度接近常數(shù)，使得預(yù)氧化處理試樣的氧化動力學(xué)呈直線型。以氧化皮結(jié)構(gòu)和氧化過程機(jī)制為根據(jù)，對預(yù)氧化處理的長期效果進(jìn)行了評估，結(jié)果表明預(yù)氧化處理能整體上降低氧化增重約30%。

In order to improve the steam oxidation resistance of G115 steel (9Cr3W3CoVNbCuBN) at 650 °C, pre-oxidation treatment was carried out in argon environment with low oxygen partial pressure. The oxidation behavior of the pre-oxidized and untreated samples were simultaneously investigated by a cyclic oxidation experiment. Weight gains of samples were measured by analytical balance, phases of oxide products were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), morphology and structure of scales were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and EDS. The result showed that pre-oxidation treatment significantly decrease oxidation weight gains in 1800 h. After pre-oxidation treatment, the oxidation kinetics transformed from cubic into linear form, and the scale structures transformed from duplex layers into triple layers. In the scale of pre-oxidized samples, the outermost layer was enriched in Fe, the middle layer was enriched in Cr, and the innermost layer was transformed from the matrix metal. The middle layer had a chromium content as high as 46% (mass fraction) and was considered to be conformed of chromite (FeCr2O4). This layer was the most protective layer due to its highest Cr content, and the diffusion of O and Fe though it was the main controlling process of the whole oxidation. It suggested that the stable structure of the middle layer improved the oxidation resistance of pre-oxidation samples. The thickness of the middle layer nearly kept constant during the whole oxidation process, which was the main reason why the pre-oxidized sample had a linear oxidation kinetics. The long term effect of the pre-oxidation treatment was evaluated based on the scale structure and oxidation mechanism. It suggested that the pre-oxidation treatment could decrease oxidation weight gains by 30 percent.

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