氘氚在RAFM鋼中的擴(kuò)散滲透研究

氘氚在RAFM鋼中的擴(kuò)散滲透研究Deuterium And Tritium Permeation in the Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic Steel

CFETR（China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor）氚增殖包層設(shè)計中，擬采用RAFM鋼作結(jié)構(gòu)材料。高溫下氘(D)、氚(T)在材料中的擴(kuò)散輸運行為關(guān)系到聚變堆氚(T)的擴(kuò)散控制、回收、循環(huán)及運行安全。采用氣相滲透方法，對國產(chǎn)RAFM鋼之一的CLAM鋼進(jìn)行了氘(D)、氚(T)滲透實驗，得出了573~873K間，氘(D)在CLAM鋼中的滲透率ФD=3.41*10-8*exp(-39181/(RT))(mol/(m*s*Pa0.5)),擴(kuò)散系數(shù)DD=1.43*10-7*exp(-22110/(RT)) (m2/s)；溶解度常數(shù) SD=2.38*10-1*exp(-17071/(RT))(mol/(m3*Pa0.5))。在573~823K間,氚(T)在CLAM鋼中的滲透率：ФT=2.50*10-8*exp(-38493/(RT)) (mol/(m*s*Pa0.5))，并根據(jù)滲透的同位素效應(yīng)比值，推導(dǎo)出氚(T)在CLAM鋼中的擴(kuò)散系數(shù)DT=1.95*10-7*exp(-22797/(RT)) (m2/s),溶解度常數(shù)ST=1.28*10-1*exp(-15696/(RT))(mol/(m3*Pa0.5))。實驗還發(fā)現(xiàn)，風(fēng)冷降溫使鋼的氘滲透通量出現(xiàn)先升后降的異?，F(xiàn)象，其產(chǎn)生的機(jī)制及其對工程應(yīng)用的影響有待進(jìn)一步研究。

Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) steel is the preferred structural material for test blanket module in fusion reactor. The study of the diffusion transport character of deuterium and tritium in the steel is of great significance for fuel recycling, tritium diffusion control, recovery and safety to China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) item. Two kind of RAFM steel have been developed in China and one of them, China Low Activation Martensitic (CLAM) steel, is chosen to investigate its diffusive transport parameters of deuterium and tritium in this work. By gas-driven permeation experiment between 573K and 873K, deuterium transport parameters are measured. The permeability is: ΦD(mol/(m.s.Pa0.5)) =3.41×10-8*exp(-39181/(RT)) ，the diffusion coefficient is DD(m2/s)=1.43×10-7*exp(-22110/(RT))，the solubility constant is SD(mol/(m3.Pa0.5))=2.38×10-1*exp(-17071/(RT)). Between 573K and 823K, the permeability of tritium is ΦT(mol/(m.s.Pa0.5))=2.50×10-8*exp(-38493/(RT). According to the isotopes effect rule, the diffusion coefficient and solubility constant of tritium is deduced respectively: DT(m2/s)=1.95×10-7exp(-22797/(RT)) and ST(mol/(m3.Pa0.5))=1.28×10-1exp(-15696/(RT)). A strange behavior appears in experiments with deuterium: after forced air cooling to the steel，the permeation flux through it quickly rise first and then anomaly lower for hours. The mechanism arousing the phenomenon and effects on use in engineering needs further investigation.

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