過(guò)共晶Al-Si合金P吸收率的影響因素

過(guò)共晶Al-Si合金P吸收率的影響因素Affecting factors of P absorption rate of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys

采用含P中間合金細(xì)化過(guò)共晶鋁硅合金時(shí)，P吸收率是影響合金最終P殘留量和Si細(xì)化效果的關(guān)鍵因素。研究P吸收率與中間合金種類、熔煉工藝參數(shù)以及耦合添加外來(lái)微米粒子的相關(guān)性，并分析其與AlP相在熔體中演變行為的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。結(jié)果表明：熔煉工藝相同時(shí)，5種中間合金的吸收率有一定差異，桿狀A(yù)l-3P的P吸收率最高，可達(dá)80%；而Cu-14P的最低，僅為13%。隨著熔體溫度升高，P吸收率顯著提高；隨著保溫時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)，P吸收率呈現(xiàn)先增加后減小的趨勢(shì)；保溫90 min時(shí)，P吸收率達(dá)到極大值；隨著加入量增加，P吸收率呈現(xiàn)不斷下降趨勢(shì)。此外，在鋁合金熔體中引入與AlP有結(jié)構(gòu)匹配關(guān)系的TiB2、TiC等微米粒子，可與未溶解之AlP耦合在一起，起到固定AlP粒子的作用，顯著提高P吸收率。

The phosphorous absorption rate is an important parameter for the refining process of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys, which not only influences final P content, but also reflects the evolution of AlP phase in the melt. The changing rules of P absorption rate were studied as kinds of master alloys, the processing parameters, coupling relationship of added solid particles varied. The experimental results show that Al-3P rod alloy appears the highest absorption rate (80%), while Cu-14P appears the lowest absorption rate (13%) under the same melting condition. The higher holding temperature contributes to superior P absorption rate while the more addition results in the lower. As holding time extends, P absorption rate first increases then decreases when achieving the maximum level at 90 min. Moreover, adding proper solid particles, such as TiB2 and TiC, which have a good structural matching relationship with AlP crystal, can dramatically increase P absorption rate.

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