航空鋁鋰合金研究進(jìn)展

航空鋁鋰合金研究進(jìn)展Progress of Aerocraft Al-Li Alloys

面對航空鋁合金材料受到復(fù)合材料激烈競爭以及新一代飛機(jī)對結(jié)構(gòu)材料的苛刻需求, 研究人員不斷地研發(fā)新型高綜合性能航空鋁合金及其加工技術(shù), 發(fā)展大規(guī)格材料及材料 / 構(gòu)件一體化加工原理與技術(shù)。 與復(fù)合材料相比, 新型鋁鋰合金在減重、 控制風(fēng)險和降低生產(chǎn)、 加工和維修成本方面具有優(yōu)勢, 通過發(fā)展新型鋁鋰合金和先進(jìn)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計已成為支撐新一代飛機(jī)發(fā)展的重要技術(shù)手段。 簡要綜述了鋁鋰合金國內(nèi)外發(fā)展歷史及不同階段典型合金成分、 性能及應(yīng)用情況, 介紹了鋁鋰合金超塑性技術(shù)的發(fā)展及其在航空航天領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用, 闡述了新型鋁鋰合金的成分設(shè)計發(fā)展方向及組織調(diào)控模式, 分析了鋁鋰合金在航空航天領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用前景。

In order to face the fierce substitution competition from the composites and other structural materials and meetthe strict requirements of new generation airplane for the service performance of the aluminium alloys, scientists andengineers need to keep developing new aluminium alloys with comprehensive performance and their processing technology,and to investigate the processing principle and technology of material / structural parts integration. Compared with thecomposites, new generation aluminium-lithium alloys are lighter, with lower risk, less expensive to manufacture, operateand repair than composites-intensive planes. It becomes an important technology to support new generation airplanes by newaluminium-lithium alloys in combination with advanced structural concepts. The development history of aluminium-lithiumalloys and typical alloy compositions, properties and applications in different stages are briefly reviewed, as well as thesuperplasticity technology of aluminium-lithium alloys and their application in aerospace industries. The development tradeof composition design and microstructure control in new generation aluminium - lithium alloys are introduced, and theirapplication prospect is discussed.

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